Fairy Circles Found in Western Australia And Eelgrass Fairy Rings Found in Baltic Sea

Fairy Circles Found in Western Australia And Eelgrass Fairy Rings Found in Baltic Sea

Some examples of self-organizing features that create natural circles.

Fairy circles found in Australian outback March 15, 2016
by Bob Yirka, Helmholtz Centre For Environmental Research
https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=36336&webc_pm=11/2016 ,
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/03/160315090116.htm , and
http://phys.org/news/2016-03-fairy-circles-australian-outback.html

Dragons, aliens, bugs? Scientists may have solved the mystery
of the desert’s ‘fairy circles’ by Sarah Kaplan, Washington
Post, March 15, 2016
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/03/15/dragons-aliens-bugs-scientists-may-have-solved-the-mystery-of-the-deserts-fairy-circles/

Once thought to exist only in Namibia, circles spotted 6,200
miles away are helping sort out how these odd features form,
Smithsonian
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/mysterious-fairy-circles-have-been-found-western-australia-180958407/

The paper is:

Getzin, S., H. Yizhaq, B. Bell, T. E. Erickson, A. C. Postle, I. Katra,
O. Tzuk, Y. R. Zelnik, K. Wiegand, T. Wiegand, and E. Meron,
2016, Discovery of fairy circles in Australia supports self-
organization theory. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, March 2016; 201522130 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522130113
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2016/03/09/1522130113

Another paper is:

Getzin, S., K. Wiegand, T. Wiegand1, H. Yizhaq, J. von Hardenberg,
and E. Meron. 2015, Adopting a spatially explicit perspective to
study the mysterious fairy circles of Namibia. Ecography.
vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1–11.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ecog.00911/abstract

Also, there is:

Mysterious ocean circles off the Baltic coast explained,
University of Southern Denmark, January 30, 2014
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/01/140130102040.htm

The paper is:

Borum, J. Ane L. Raun, H. Hasler-Sheetal, M. O. Pedersen,
O. Pedersen, and M. Holmer, 2013, Eelgrass fairy rings: sulfide as
inhibiting agent. Marine Biology. vol. 161, No. 2, pp. 351-358.
351 DOI: 10.1007/s00227-013-2340-3
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00227-013-2340-3

PDF file at:
http://www.bio-web.dk/ole_pedersen/pdf/Marine%20Biology%202014%20(Eegrass%20fairy%20rings).pdf

Yours,

Paul H.